Some of the most challenging symptoms of many disabilities aren’t visible to the naked eye. A neurodiverse person may have to use Herculean effort to perform tasks that may seem simple to others. For example, filling out school registration forms, scheduling appointments, and sending emails can sometimes be especially difficult with executive function challenges.
Today, we’ll explain the contours of executive functioning, reasons it may be interrupted in some people’s brains, and ways you can confront executive dysfunction.
Understanding Executive (Dys)Function
What is executive function? In short, it’s the ability to prioritize and focus on tasks so you can plan, reason, solve problems, and avoid engaging in unhelpful behaviors. Having proper executive functions is key to succeeding at many jobs and having deep relationships with other people.
A few examples of executive functioning include:
- Being able to block out distractions in the workplace
- Paying attention to a casual conversation with a friend
- Refraining from gambling or engaging in addictive behaviors
Some mental health conditions and mood disorders, including sensory processing disorder, can cause executive dysfunction. Degenerative conditions such as dementia, Huntington’s Disease, and multiple sclerosis may also cause these sorts of changes. Likewise, those with ADHD commonly have executive function challenges.
5 Common Examples of Executive Function Challenges & Their Impacts
Just as no two brains are the same, no two people with executive dysfunction experience it the same way. It might also be extremely difficult to actually recognize when someone you work with, a friend, or even you have executive function challenges. Still, there are several ways executive functioning deficiencies may manifest.
Trouble Starting & Completing Tasks
Some people with conditions that cause executive dysfunction find it difficult to tackle certain tasks they may find boring or useless.
Part of this may result in disrupted pathways that involve the brain’s reward system. Other times, people may have a hard time visualizing the finished product.
Having a Hard Time Focusing (Or Focusing Too Much)
This is one of the hallmark symptoms of ADHD. People with ADHD have been shown to have a lower threshold for things that can arouse the brain. Many individuals (with and without ADHD) may not be able to control when or how their brains “filter out” distractions.
The flip side of this is hyper-focusing on something at the expense of other important tasks. These challenges stem from a reduced ability to control attention, but they can also stem from related issues like time blindness.
Difficulty with Prioritization & Multitasking
One of the most common symptoms of executive functioning difficulties is having a hard time making plans.
If you have several tasks you must complete, executive dysfunction can make it challenging to place a series of actions in a linear fashion to accomplish your goals. Those with executive dysfunction may also take longer to shift tasks and trains of thought.
Impulse Control Challenges
Everyone has impulsive thoughts sometimes. But when you experience executive dysfunction, you may have a hard time controlling those impulses. As a result, it may be hard to sit still, avoid interrupting others, or avoid making decisions that could create unexpected consequences.
Poor Time Management
Not being able to manage your time has a lot to do with other symptoms of executive dysfunction we just mentioned.
For instance, failing to budget a greater amount of time to complete a certain task on account of executive functioning difficulties can be a problematic time management decision. The lack of focus on priorities can cause a lack of urgency in key moments.
3 Tips for Managing Executive Function Challenges
In some cases, executive dysfunction can be treated with medication, counseling, or different types of therapy. It may not necessarily be “curable” in some instances, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t things you can do to make life easier.
- Write out a checklist. It can be challenging to hold every component of a task in your brain. If you commit a plan to paper, you can free up some mental bandwidth.
- Manage stress. Stress can exacerbate numerous conditions associated with executive functioning challenges. Taking care of your mental health is always a good decision for your brain.
- Take breaks. Few people can use their brains at high levels for extended periods of time. Your mind and body need to be refreshed throughout the day so you can have renewed vigor to take on challenging tasks.
Discover More Ways to Achieve Your Personal Goals
Having executive function challenges does not mean you don’t get to have a fulfilling career or enjoy a robust social life. Many people with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDDs) in California have thrived under the state’s Self-Determination Program (SDP), which aims to prioritize person-centered planning when participants choose services and programs to enrich their lives.
Having the SDP as an option is an acknowledgment that people with IDDs are still people with goals and dreams.
Navigating the SDP can be overwhelming if you are not familiar with the program, but an experienced independent facilitator can unlock a world of possibilities. Learn more about NeuroNav’s independent facilitation services by scheduling a free consultation today.
